The multifunctional integration of materials is achieved by combining flame retardants, phase-change materials, and a rubber-based matrix.

During preparation, appropriate flame retardants (e.g., phosphorus-nitrogen compounds) and phase-change agents (e.g., polyethylene glycol) are selected.

Microencapsulation technology is adopted to encapsulate these components‌, followed by uniform dispersion within the rubber matrix through mixing processes‌1.

Finally, compression molding is applied to fabricate the composite, ensuring balanced flame retardancy, phase-change energy storage capability, and mechanical/thermal stability.